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автор Гарагуля

Основная цель учебника - обучение чтению и переводу оригинальных текстов средней трудности в рамках социально-гуманитарной тематики, овладение лексикой в соответствии с отобранными темами и сферами общения, а также формирование навыков устной речи, аудирования и письма. Особое внимание уделяется изучению грамматических форм базового курса английского языка и их тренировке. Учебник предназначен для студентов социально-гуманитарных колледжей. Может быть использован учащимися гимназий, лицеев и студентами вузов.

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С.И. ГАРАГУЛЯ

АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК

ДЛЯ СТУДЕНТОВ

СОЦИАЛЬНО-ГУМАНИТАРНЫХ КОЛЛЕДЖЕЙ

ENGLISH FOR COLLEGE STUDENTS OF SOCIAL STUDIES AND THE HUMANITIES

Рекомендовано

Научно-методическим советом

Международного научного общественного объединения «МАИТ» в качестве учебника для студентов образовательных учреждений среднего образования, обучающихся по специальностям 39.02.01 Социальная работа, 40.02.01 Право и организация социального обеспечения, 42.02.01 Реклама, 43.02.01 Организация обслуживания в общественном питании, 43.02.02 Парикмахерское искусство, 43.02.10 Туризм, 43.02.11 Гостиничный сервис, 44.02.02 Преподавание в начальных классах, 49.02.01 Физическая культура и спорт, 51.02.02 Социально-культурная деятельность, 53.02.01 Музыкальное образование, 54.02.01 Дизайн (рецензия № 16-20 от 1 июля 2016 г.)

Ростов-на-Дону «Феникс» 2018

УДК 811.111(075.32)

ББК 81.2Англ-92

КТК 8032

ПРЕДИСЛОВИЕ

Настоящий учебник подготовлен на основе Федерального государственного образовательного стандарта в соответствии с типовой учебной программой по английскому языку для средних специальных учебных заведений. Он предназначен для студентов социально-гуманитарных колледжей, уже владеющих грамматическим и лексическим материалом в объеме девятилетней средней школы. Учебник может быть также адресован учащимся гимназий, лицеев и студентам вузов.

Основная цель учебника, имеющего практическую направленность, — обучение чтению и переводу оригинальных текстов средней трудности в рамках социально-гуманитарной тематики, овладение лексикой в соответствии с отобранными темами и сферами общения, а также формирование навыков устной речи, аудирования и письма. Особое внимание уделяется изучению грамматических форм базового курса английского языка и их тренировке.

Учебник состоит из 20 тематических уроков (Units), приложения (Appendix) Tapescripts («Тексты, записанные на аудионосители») и электронного приложения, включающего Supplementary Reading («Дополнительное чтение») и Грамматический справочник. Все уроки имеют единую структуру построения, включающую шесть разделов (Sections) — Grammar Practice, Vocabulary and Word Study, Reading for Detail and Main Ideas, Speaking, Listening и Writing, в каждом из которых реализуются определенные цели и задачи, установленные программой курса иностранного языка для средних специальных учебных заведений.

В разделе Grammar Practice представлены коммуникативно-ориентированные задания, нацеленные на развитие базовых грамматических навыков понимания и перевода текстов социально-гуманитарной проблематики, создание и воспроизведение высказываний на английском языке. Грамматический материал включает явления, характеризующиеся высокой частотностью употребления в подобных текстах. Прежде всего, это относится к структуре предложения, видовременным формам глагола в действительном и страдательном залоге, модальным глаголам, неличным формам глагола и др. К большинству упражнений даны образцы их выполнения. В электронном приложении 2 Грамматический справочник имеется поурочный грамматический комментарий, который дает возможность обучающемуся при необходимости повторить или изучить грамматические явления, вызывающие определенные трудности в употреблении.

Раздел Vocabulary and Word Study предусматривает работу над активным словарем, который отражает наиболее частотные слова и словосочетания, представленные в социально-гуманитарной литературе. На осмысленное закрепление активной лексики нацелена соответствующая система упражнений, которые построены и расположены по принципу «от простого к сложному» — от уровня слова, словосочетания, предложения до уровня сверхфразового единства. Имеются упражнения на многозначность, нахождение синонимов и антонимов, определение значений именных словосочетаний с препозитивными определениями, узнавание интернациональных слов, словообразование и т.д., что способствует выработке у обучающихся языковой догадки. Для снятия произносительных трудностей активная лексика снабжена транскрипцией. Выполнение данных заданий обеспечивает усвоение активного словаря в полном объеме.

Каждый раздел Reading for Detail and Main Ideas содержит два текста, посвященных определенной теме. Среди тем — академическая и профессиональная деятельность будущих специалистов среднего звена, социокультурная специфика родной страны и стран изучаемого языка, искусство, театр, кино, музыка, путешествия, экономика, экологические проблемы и т.д. Первый текст (Text A) рассматривается в качестве основного текста урока и предназначен для изучающего чтения. К нему даются предтекстовые и послетекстовые упражнения. Предтекстовые задания преследуют цель формирования навыков прогнозирования и умения вести беседу общего содержания по проблематике урока. Упражнения послетек- стового этапа способствуют развитию монологической речи в виде сообщения или доклада — констатировать факт или обосновать и выразить собственное мнение, сделать короткое сообщение или обобщение. Второй текст (Text B) предназначен для развития навыков ознакомительного, просмотрового или поискового чтения. Упражнения к этому тексту направлены на осуществление контроля понимания, определение его основной темы или идеи, поиск конкретных данных, применение определенной информации в соответствии с коммуникативными задачами. Данный текст также может быть использован для пересказа. Дополнительной целью работы над текстами A и B также является расширение общеупотребительного вокабуляра обучающихся, а также тренировка грамматических структур урока.

Раздел Speaking включает диалоги, содержащие устойчивые выражения, речевые модели и клише, характерные для неофициального и официального общения в бытовой, социокультурной и учебной сферах: знакомство, представление себя и коллег, семья, описание людей, учеба в колледже, будущая профессия, досуг, спорт, обычаи, праздники и др. Задания, составленные к диалогам, построены по принципам моделирования различных жизненных ситуаций, в которых могут находиться студенты.

В разделе Listening представлены задания к двум аудиотекстам, которые приводятся в приложении 1 Tapescripts. Они могут быть прочитаны преподавателем или звучать в записи. Небольшие по объему тексты монологического характера связаны непосредственно с темой урока. Контроль их понимания осуществляется с помощью вопросно-ответных упражнений, путем заполнения таблиц/схем и др. Цель заданий состоит в понимании общего смысла прослушанного текста, нахождении или извлечении конкретной информации, которые служат основой для краткого изложения содержания аудиотекста, дискуссии по теме и т.д. К приложению Tapescripts обучающиеся обращаются на заключительном этапе работы над разделом Listening, что позволяет им проверить правильность понимания текста, а также выявить непонятные фрагменты, выписав и выучив незнакомые слова.

Упражнения раздела Writing направлены на развитие навыков передачи на английском языке и правильного оформления информации в соответствии с коммуникативными целями и с учетом адресата — написание личных, деловых и электронных писем, факсов, изложение сведений о себе, заполнение наиболее распространенных анкет и бланков, оформление резюме, составление рефератов и др.

Электронное приложение 1 Supplementary Reading включает тексты для дополнительного чтения с последующим написанием реферата. Они способствуют расширению не только лингвострановедческого, но и профессионального кругозора студентов. Данные тексты могут быть использованы как для работы в группе, так и для самостоятельной работы студентов с последующим обсуждением содержания текстов в аудитории или в виде индивидуальных устных сообщений.

Автор выражает глубокую благодарность кандидату филологических наук, доценту Маргарите Юрьевне Никитиной и кандидату филологических наук, доценту Владимиру Сергеевичу Пугачу за детальный анализ рукописи и ценные критические замечания, высказанные при рецензировании учебника.

Автор

UNIT 1

GOING TO COLLEGE

Section 1. Grammar Practice:

Articles. Plurals of Nouns. Possessive Case. Personal and

Possessive Pronouns. To be in the Present, Past and Future Simple. Word Order.

Section 2. Vocabulary and Word Study:

Suffixes: -er/-or; -ment; -ion/-ation/-ition/-sion/-tion.

Section 3. Reading for Detail and Main Ideas: Text 1A. The College I Go To. Text 1B. College Facilities.

Section 4. Speaking:

Greeting and Introduction. Studying at College.

Section 5. Listening:

A. Colleges.

B. College Classrooms.

Section 6. Writing:

Informal Letters (1).

SECTION 1 ► GRAMMAR PRACTICE

Write a or an.

___academic year 4. ___ apartment

7. ___ university

2. ___ term

3. ___ magazine

___ first-year student 8. ___ organisation

___ uncle 9. ___ hour

Put a or the into each gap.

Enjoy your holiday and don't forget to send me ___ postcard.

I have two children, ___ girl and ___ boy. ___ girl is four and ___ boy is seven. 3. What is ___ name of this city? 4. What is ___name of ___ director of ___ film we saw yesterday? 5. Each classroom has ___ computer. 6. ___ college library provides ___ place to study.

college hascafe.cafe is very big. 8. I must take

bus to get to my college. 9. I am ___ first-year student. 10. It is ___ easy test. 11. Give me ___ pen.

Read the following plurals of the nouns. Remember the rules for the pronunciation of -s/-es at the end of a word.

Photos, trees, desks, brushes, workers, pages, lorries, toys, wives, chairs, places, computers, families, buses, knives, wishes, inches, monkeys.

4. Put the nouns in the box in the correct column to show their pronunciation.

5. Write the plurals of these nouns ending in consonant + -y, vowel + -y and -f(e).

Activity, laboratory, day, leaf, life, ability, play, bookshelf, half, facility, toy, guy, factory, loaf.

Write the irregular plurals of the following nouns. Use your dictionary in necessary.

man, foot, goose, child, man, woman, tooth, ox, mouse;

medium, phenomenon, crisis, basis, curriculum, radius, datum, spectrum, stimulus, axis, matrix.

Read and translate the following word combinations with nouns in the possessive case.

Eve's friend, Mr Kelly's wife, James's party, Paul's house, the teacher's desk, my friend's party, the college students' course books, the schoolchildren's uniform, my parents' garden, my boss's car, fifteen minutes' break, the librarians' room, an hour's journey.

Join two nouns as in the example. Use an apostrophe (') with or without s for people; of — for things.

Example: the bag/my friend — my friend's bag;

the window/the room — the window of the room.

The birthday/Tom; the favourite team/Alice; the hall/residence; the son/Charles; the duration/ the course programmes; the books/ the children; the telephone number/my sister; the end/the term; the name/this street; the key/the car; the bicycle/my brother; the career/Mr Fox; the engineer/the computer; the dog/the medal.

Translate the following word combination into English.

Сын моей сестры, профессия ее матери, рассказ девочки, преподаватели моего брата, отделения колледжа, комната Бесс, тетради студентов, классные комнаты колледжа, страница книги, имя сестры моего друга, слова урока 1, окна дома, расстояние в одну милю, игрушки детей.

Complete the sentences using the correct form of the personal pronouns in brackets.

... are students (us, we). 2. Tell ... about your college (us we).

We saw ... in the college library (she, her). 4. Jane gave ... those books (I, me). 5. Show . your new watch (he, him). 6. Where is my money? — I put . on the table (it, them). 7. . am a first-year student (I, me). 8. . want the photographs (they, them). 9. Talk to . after classes (they, them). 10. Look at my new book. . is very interesting (she, it).

Complete the sentences using the correct form of the possessive pronouns in brackets.

. college is old (our, ours). 2. Whose map is this? — It is . (our, ours). 3. . room is on the third floor (your, yours). 4. Is that . car? (your, yours) 5. Is it your idea? — Yes, it's . (my, mine). 6. . favourite subject is English (my, mine). 7. Are you Jane's friend? — Yes, I'm a friend of ... (her, hers). 8. Ann is going out with ... friend this evening (her, hers). 9. This is a beautiful tree. ... leaves are a beautiful colour (his, its). 10. I want to phone Pete. Do you know ... phone number? (his, its) 11. Tell me about . college (their, theirs).

My room is bigger than . (their, theirs).

Make the following sentences complete by translating the personal and possessive pronouns in brackets.

(Наш) college was founded in 1970. (Он) has grown significantly since that time. 2. (Он) is a second-year student. 3. Show (мне) your new computer classroom. 4. (Их) academic course is very interesting. 5. These computers are (их). 6. She is doing (свою) work. 7. The robot is doing (свою) work. 8. He is doing (свою) work. 9. (Оно) (общежитие) is in Pushkin street. 10. (Ее) brother is also a college student. 11. Give (мне) another example of this grammar rule. 12. (Я) ask (тебя) to explain this rule. 13. This house is (наш). 14. Can I introduce (тебя) to a friend of (мой)?

I know (вас) but I don't know (вашего) son. 16. Now this book is (ваша). 17. I saw (его) new bicycle. 18. I saw (его) in the college canteen yesterday. 19. This is a very old table. (Его) legs are broken.

Tell (нам) about your lectures.

Read the following sentences which are a) present, b) past and c) future. Put them into the negative and the question. Translate these sentences.

Example:

The report was ready yesterday. (When?) -

The report was not (wasn't) ready.

Was the report ready yesterday?

When was the report ready?

1. We are future designers. 2. My keys are on the table. (Where?) 3. They are college students. 5. You are at college now. (When?) 6. He is fifteen years old. (How old?) 7. My father is a skilled worker. 8. It is our college. 9. His work is complete. 10. I am a college student.

1. She was at the theatre yesterday. (Where? When?) 2. They were at home yesterday morning. (Where? When?) 3. He was my friend. 4. It was cold last week. (When?) 5. I was busy at 5 o'clock.

(What time?) 6. The hotel was comfortable. 7. The idea was good.

Sue and Steve were at the party. (Where?) 9. You were on holiday.

The weather was fine.

1. I will be an engineer. 2. My friend will be a fourth-year student next year. (When?) 3. It will be our new academic building.

He will be in class at 10 o'clock. (Where? What time?) 5. We will be at the exhibition tomorrow. (Where? When?) 6. They will be present at the lecture (Where?) 7. His scholarship will be 2000 rubles.

Tom will be late. 9. Next month I will be in Moscow. (When?)

He will be sixteen years old in a year. (How old? When?)

Write positive and negative short answers (Yes, I am / No, he wasn't, etc.).

Are you married?

Was it cold yesterday?

Will you be in class tomorrow?

Was your friend late?

Are your friends English?

Was it sunny two days ago?

Will you be a teacher?

Is tennis your favourite sport?

Will your mother be at 5 at home?

Are your parents at work now?

15. Complete these sentences. Use am/is/are, was/were or will be.

I ___ Russian. She ___ American. 2. How old ___ you?

Today the weather ___ fine but yesterday it ___ cold. 4. George ___ not at college last week because he ___ ill. 5. We ___ in the classroom now. 6. We ___ hungry after the journey but we ___ not tired. 7. ___ you ___ at the seminar tomorrow? 8. “What colour ___ your car?” — “It ___ red.” 9. Yesterday three students ___ absent at the English class. Today all ___ present. 10. Michael travels a lot. Today he ___ in Moscow. Tomorrow he ___ in Saint Petersburg. Next week he ___ in London. 11. I ___ late for my classes tomorrow. 12. A.S. Pushkin ___ born in 1799. 13. “___ you a good student?” — “Yes, I ___.” 14. My brother and I ___ at home now. 15. “___ your friend from Belgorod?” — “No, he ___ from Moscow?” 16. I ___ free now. 17. “___ you ready now?” — “Not yet. I ___ ready in ten minutes.” 18. Where ___ you at 10 o'clock yesterday? 19. “Where are my keys?” — “I don't know. They ___ on the table but they ___ not there now.” 20. It's Nick's birthday next Friday. He ___ 17.

Arrange these words in the right order. Use a capital letter to begin each sentence.

begins, in September, my term. 2. well, I, English, speak.

eleven, in his, he, college, is, till. 4. old, very, mathematics, science, is, a. 5. will, a teacher, he, after, be, from, the graduation, college. 6. today, is, very, English, important, the knowledge, of.

begin, at 9 o'clock, in the morning, the lectures. 8. in, tomorrow, will, Rome, be, she. 9. every, year, leave, schools, millions, secondary, of, children. 10. the term, attend, during, and, lectures, seminars, students.

Make general questions with these words in the correct order, using is/are/was/ were/will...be, and give short positive/negative answers to them.

(your parents/well?) 2. (interesting last year/your job?) 3. (the shops/open next week?) 4. (interested in English at school/you?)

(near here/the college?) 6. (at college at 3 o'clock tomorrow/ your classmates?) 7. (large/your college?) 8. (free tomorrow/you?)

Make questions with what (what colour)/who/how much/how old/ where/why/when, using is/are/was/ were/will.be.

___ the bus stop? — At the end of the street. 2. ___ he ___ next week? — In London. 3. ___ the man in this photograph? — That's the head of the department. 4. ___ your favourite subject at school? — English. 5. ___ your friend ___ at five o'clock tomorrow? — At the university. 6. ___ your children last year? — Five, six and ten years old. 7. ___ your new shoes? — Black. 8. ___ your lecturer angry with you yesterday? — Because I was late.

SECTION 2 ► VOCABULARY AND WORD STUDY

Read and memorize the active vocabulary to the text “The College I Go To” and translate the given sentences.

1. academic ["qkx'demIk] adj — учебный, академический

academic building ['bIldIN] — учебное здание

academic course [kLs] — учебный курс

academic year — учебный год

This academic building was built in 1978. The college offers a wide range of academic courses. The students return in September for the start of the new academic year.

2. accommodate [q'kOmqdeIt] v — предоставлять жилье accommodation [q"kOmq'deISn] n — помещение, жилье hall of residence / hall / (AmE) dormitory ['dLmqtrI] / dorm n — студенческое общежитие

The hall of residence can accommodate up to 500 students. Hotel accommodation is included in the price of your holiday. Do you live in the dormitory (dorm)?

3. accountant [q'kauntqnt] n — бухгалтер

clerk [klRk] n — конторский служащий, клерк

preschool [prJ'skHl] teacher — воспитатель детей дошкольного возраста

primary ['praIm(q)rI] school teacher — учитель начальных классов

We talked to the company's accountant. She works as a primary school teacher.

4. attend [q'tend] v — посещать, присутствовать

attend college / go to college — учиться в колледже

attend classes / a lecture ['lekCq] / a seminar ['semInR] — посещать занятия / лекцию / семинар

Are you going to attend the meeting? He will attend college till he is nineteen. Students are expected to attend classes regularly.

5. available [q'veIlqb(q)l] adj — наличный, имеющийся в наличии, в распоряжении, доступный

Is the new timetable available yet?

borrow ['bOrqu] v — брать (на время); одалживать

borrow course books from the library — брать учебники в библиотеке

Can I borrow your pen? He borrowed 100 roubles from his friend. They can borrow up to four course books from the library.

7. canteen [kxn'tJn] n — столовая, буфет

We usually have lunch in the college canteen.

carry out tests — проводить опыты

During the term, the students carry out a lot of laboratory tests.

complete [kqm'plJt] adj v — полный, законченный, завершенный; заканчивать, завершать

complete education — получить образование

completion [kqm'plJS(q)n] n — завершение, окончание

collected the complete set. His work is now complete. Millions of girls and boys completed their secondary education last year. Completion of secondary education was necessary.

curriculum [kq'rIkjulqm] n — учебный план, курс обучения English is on the curriculum.

department [dI'pRtmqnt] n — отделение; кафедра

The chemistry department is situated on the first floor.

12. educate ['edjukeIt] v — обучать, давать образование education ["edju'keIS(q)n] n — образование secondary education — среднее образование vocational [vqu'keIS(q)nql] education — профессиональное образование

She was educated at the teachers' training college. She received her vocational education at a vocational school.

learning programme — программа (форма) обучения correspondence ["kOrI'spOnd(q)ns] learning programme — программа (форма) заочного обучения

distance learning programme — программа (форма) дистанционного обучения

A learning programme leads to the achievement of a particular qualification. The majority of colleges offering correspondence learning programmes also offer regular classroom-based learning.

employ [Im'plOI] v — предоставлять работу, нанимать; использовать, применять

employer [Im'plOIq] n — работодатель, наниматель

employee ["ImplOI'J] n — служащий; работающий по найму employment [Im'plOImqnt] n — работа, служба; занятость (рабочей силы); прием (на работу); применение, использование

How many people does the company employ? The statistical analysis was employed to obtain these results. He was sent to London by his employer. The company has over 50 employees. He couldn't find employment.

equip [I'kwIp] / fit v — оборудовать, оснащать equipment [I'kwIpmqnt] n — оборудование, оснащение up-to-date ["Aptq'deIt] equipment — современное (новейшее)

оборудование

instrument ['Instrument] n — прибор

It is going to cost a lot of money to equip the laboratory. The rooms were all fitted with smoke alarms. The plant needed new equipment. This factory uses the most up-to-date equipment.

facility [fq'sIlItI] n — устройство, приспособление, оборудование; сооружение

sports facilities — спортивные сооружения

This is a phone with a memory facility. The college has excellent sports facilities.

first-year student — студент первого курса, первокурсник full-time student — студент очной/дневной формы обучения All the first-year students are required to attend this conference.

She was a full-time student.

graduate (from) ['grxGueIt] v — окончить (колледж, университет); ['grxGuIt] n — выпускник (колледжа или университета)

graduation paper — дипломная работа

defend [dI'fend] a graduation paper — защитить дипломную работу

He graduated from college last year. I am a graduate of the construction department. I should explain something about my graduation paper. Students will defend their graduation papers in June.

make the most of — как можно лучше воспользоваться чем-л.

It's my first trip abroad so I'm going to make the most of it.

occupation ["Okju'peIS(q)n] n — профессия; занятие; род или вид деятельности, занятий

Please state your name, address, and occupation. By occupation she is a secretary. The college trains students in different occupations.

provide [prq'vaId] v — снабжать, обеспечивать

They will not provide us with any details.

range ['reInG] n v — ряд, серия, диапазон, интервал, предел; колебаться в пределах, классифицировать, простираться

There is a wide range of opinions on this issue. The average age range is between 53 and 55. Prices range from £5 to £10.

23. scholarship ['skOlqSIp] n — стипендия grant a scholarship — давать (присуждать) стипендию He receives a scholarship. He was granted a scholarship.

skill n — мастерство, опыт, умение, квалификация skilled adj — опытный, умелый, квалифицированный We need skilled workers for this job.

25. take an exam(ination) — держать (сдавать) экзамен pass an exam(ination) — выдержать (сдать) экзамен How many students are taking the biology exam this term?

I failed my physics exam, but I passed chemistry.

26. term [tWm] n — семестр

end-of-term examinations — семестровые экзамены

Are there any exams at the end of this term? The students take end-of-term tests and exams twice a year.

train [treIn] v — обучать, готовить (к чему-л.) training n — обучение, подготовка, образование

The college trains specialists for the construction industry. He is training to be a primary school teacher. Some colleges provide vocational training.

Match the pairs of synonyms from A and B and translate them.

A

grant

semester

educational

finish

equip

worker

modern

expertness

take and return

appliance

professional

give

B

academic

skill

fit

provide

up-to-date

borrow

scholarship

complete

vocational

facility

term

employee

21. Match the verb on the left with a suitable item on the right. Use each item once only.

Make the following sentences complete by translating the words and phrases in brackets.

A (семестр) divides the (учебный год) into two periods.

The students (сдавать семестровые экзамены) twice a year.

A (профессиональный) course teaches the skill necessary for a particular job. 4. There are three (отделения) in the college. 5. There are about 500 (студенты дневной формы обучения) going to college. 6. The (заочная и дистанционная формы обучения) are ideal if you need to combine work and studies.

(Квалифицированные) workers play a vital role in the industry.

Many colleges (готовят воспитателей детей дошкольного возраста и учителей начальных классов). 9. The centre is responsible for the video presentation (оборудование) installed in the college rooms. 10. The college is adding more technical courses to its (учебный план). 11. Our (учебный курс) covers a range of disciplines. 12. The college trains students for employment in middle-level (профессии) such as managers, (бухгалтеры), teachers and others.

Insert the correct word from the Active Vocabulary.

A learning programme is an educational course

that you take at home, receiving your work and sending it back by post or by email. 2. This college has a wide of learning

programmes. 3. He defended his successfully. 4. The hall

of residence can about 300 students. 5. The

is divided into two terms. 6. He will his secondary

education in 2016. 7. A freshman or a fresher is a in

secondary school, college or university. 8. Please let me know if you are unable to a lecture on Monday. 9. He managed to

all his examinations. 10. The college has the excellent including a swimming pool, a fitness room, a sports hall, a tennis court and a gym. 11. I have lunch in the college.

Scholarships are not for all students.

Read and translate the following international words which come from Text 1A. Look up their transcriptions in the dictionary if necessary. Mind the part of speech.

Academic adj, course n, department n, programme n, manager n, laboratory n, resource n, literature n, style n, athlete n, residence n, organise v, basic adj, general adj, special adj, practical adj, profession n, specialist n, office n, bank n, hotel n, examination n, creative adj, innovative adj.

Study the ways some nouns are formed from verbs. Form the nouns from the following verbs. Read and translate them into Russian. Use your dictionary to help you with the pronunciation.

a) -er/-or (the suffixes are used for a person who does an activity and for things which do a particular job):

Example: build — строить builder — строитель

Compute, begin, farm, manufacture, produce, distribute, work, own, teach, use, collect, design, manage, direct, educate, translate.

-ment (the suffix is used for an act or result of something):

Example: achieve — достигать achievement — достижение

Pay, govern, employ, agree, manage, establish, improve, advertise, require, involve, equip, arrange, adjust, accomplish.

-ion/-ation/-ition/-sion/-tion (the suffixes are used for an act, state, or result of something):

Example: construct — строить construction — строительство Create, complete, decide, educate, prepare, produce, compete, examine, distribute, graduate, pollute, define, locate, combine, limit.

Read and translate the following phrases using the above patterns. Look up the words in your dictionary if necessary.

The leader of the students' union, an observer of nature, a Nobel Prize winner, a tape recorder, laboratory equipment, some interests of investors, to reach agreement, people in employment, investment into the sphere of vocational education, a graduation paper, a monthly payment, an end-of-term examination, the completion of education, his election to the post, middle-level occupations, a job-creation scheme.

SECTION 3 ► READING FOR DETAIL

AND MAIN IDEAS

What do you know about colleges? Read the statements given below and say if they are right or wrong. If the statements are not right, make the necessary corrections.

a) A college doesn't offer many academic courses.

Distance learning programmes are for those who don't work.

A college trains students for employment in middle-level occupations.

There are a lot of laboratories at a college.

A college library provides students with learning resources online.

College sports facilities only include gyms.

Students studying away from home are accommodated in a hotel.

The academic year begins in September and ends in June.

During the terms, students don't often do practical work.

College graduates work at research institutes.

Read Text 1A “The College I Go To” to find out if you are right or wrong. The following phases may be helpful: Quite so. Exactly. It's (partly) true. Just the opposite. I don't think so. That's right. That's wrong.

TEXT 1A The College I Go To

The college I go to was founded in 1970 and since that time it has grown significantly. Now it offers a wide range of academic courses, enabling students to be successful in the current job market.

The academic activity is conducted across five departments. There are about 1,500 full-time students attending college. The correspondence and distance learning programmes specifically tailored to the needs of those who work are also available.

The college is justifiably proud of its teaching. More than 80 teachers work at it. The college trains students for employment in middle-level occupations such as clerks, accountants, managers, preschool and primary school teachers and others.

There are a lot of laboratories at the college. They are fitted with up-to-date equipment and instruments to provide a high level of training. They are of great help to the students.

The college library provides the students with access to thousands of learning resources in print and online. They can borrow course books, manuals and literature on the subjects they are interested in. There are some reading rooms suited to different styles of learning.

The students of all abilities, from complete beginners to athletes, make the most of the college sports facilities including a few large well-equipped gyms, sports grounds, and a swimming pool.

The students studying away from home are accommodated in the hall of residence located on the college campus. The students can organise most of their day-to-day needs without leaving the campus which also includes the library, the academic buildings and the canteen.

The academic year runs from September to June, and it is divided into two terms. The duration of the academic programmes is four years, following the completion of basic general education (nine years), or two years, following the completion of secondary (complete) general education.

According to the college curriculum the students have lessons in general and special subjects in addition to practical training, quite necessary for their future profession. The students take end-of-term tests and examinations twice a year. If the students who don't pay for their studies pass them successfully, they are granted monthly scholarships. During the terms, the students have to attend lectures and seminars, carry out laboratory tests and do practical work. At the end of the period of study, every student writes and gets ready a graduation paper and then defends it in the presence of the examiners' body.

Every year a lot of young middle-level specialists graduate from college. They work in offices, schools, plants, factories, banks, hotels and others.

The college is committed to producing the professionally minded and skilled graduates that employers want. It educates the students to be creative, innovative and well equipped for the 21st century.

Answer the following questions.

When was the college founded?

How many departments does the college have?

How many students go to college?

What can you say about the teaching staff?

What are the college laboratories like?

Where can the students borrow literature for their studies?

Are there any facilities for the students to go in for sports?

What does the college campus include?

What are the periods of study for the academic programmes?

When do the students take their end-of-term tests and exams?

Are all the students granted monthly scholarships?

What do the students do at the end of the period of study?

What is the college committed to?

Add some more sentences confirming the following statements.

The college has grown significantly. 2. The college is proud of its teaching. 3. The laboratories are of great help to the students.

The college library is suited to different styles of learning. 5. The college students make the most of the sports facilities. 6. The students can organise their day-to-day needs without leaving the campus. 7. The academic year is divided into two terms. 8. The college educates the students to be creative and innovative for the 21st century.

Find in Text 1A the paragraph about the college curriculum and translate it into Russian.

Read aloud paragraphs 2—4.

Explain the following references.

Now it offers a wide range of academic courses. .

What does the pronoun it refer to?

More than 80 teachers work at it.

What does the pronoun it refer to?

They are fitted with up-to-date equipment and instruments. . What does the pronoun they refer to?

They are of great help to the students.

What does the pronoun they refer to?

.and it is divided into two terms.

What does the pronoun it refer to?

.and then defends it in the presence of the examiners' body. What does the pronoun it refer to?

They work in offices, schools, factories, hotels and others. What does the pronoun they refer to?

Find in Text 1A the sentences with the verb to be and translate them into Russian.

Put the main ideas (a—l) in the same order as they are in Text 1A.

College sports facilities.

College academic course and programmes.

College curriculum.

Writing graduations papers.

College laboratories.

Graduates' employment.

Teaching staff.

Duration of the academic programmes.

College library.

Tests and examinations.

College campus.

Classes at college.

Retell the text in English according to the above plan.

Skim Text 1B “College Facilities” and try to understand what it is about.

TEXT 1B College Facilities

The college I attend is one of the best colleges in the region, providing excellent full-time and correspondence courses. The college has first class facilities, and the students enjoy learning here, thanks to our inspirational teachers, great courses and modern learning areas.

The college has 30 general classrooms in addition to language laboratories and workshops. They are all well equipped with up-to- date equipment. Each classroom has a computer with the Internet access and a data projector. The college also has three science laboratories, two fully equipped computer rooms, a multimedia room and a demonstration room.

The library is central and common to all the academic activities of the college. It provides a place to study, materials for study and services to assist study. It has a wide selection of general reading materials for students of all ages. There are also books and journals for those involved in project work.

Physical education facilities include a large gym, some changing rooms, a basketball court, a sports ground and a swimming pool. Sports clubs and societies make up a large part of the college recreational and social activity.

The college has a modern canteen where breakfast and lunch are served every day. It is a large spacious area, with a view of greenery all around, and a variety of refreshments and meals available. It tends to be the most popular place on campus not only for having meals but also for student discussions and work on assignments and projects.

There are two halls of residence, which can accommodate students with all the facilities for study, recreation and common living. The rooms are all meant for two or three occupants each.

The college is a non-smoking campus and smoking is not permitted anywhere on the sites. To safeguard the health of all students and staff, smoking is strongly discouraged.

Identify the topic of each paragraph of Text 1B and retell it in English.

Complete the sentences choosing the best variant corresponding to the contents of Text 1B.

The college I go to provides ...

part-time courses;

full-time courses;

full-time and correspondence courses.

The students enjoy learning at college thanks to .

teachers;

full-time courses;

correspondence courses.

Each college classroom has .

up-to-date equipment;

a data projector with the Internet access;

a computer.

The college library provides .

academic activities;

materials for study;

up-to-date equipment.

The canteen is the most popular place on campus for.

student discussions;

having a large spacious area;

greenery all around.

Make up a story about your college based on the information given in the above texts.

SECTION 4 ► SPEAKING

When you meet someone new it is important to know how to address the individual standing in front of you. Properly addressing people in English in different situations shows you are respectful of their position and mindful of not offending them in any way. Study the following forms of address:

first name — used to call friends, e.g. John or Mary;

Mr (Mister) + last name — used to address a man you know less well, e.g. Mr Smith;

Mrs (Misses) + last name — used to address a married woman you know less well, e.g. Mrs Smith;

Ms [miz] + last name — used to address a married or unmarried woman, e.g. Ms Smith;

Miss + last name — used to address a girl or unmarried woman, e.g. Miss Smith;

Sir (without a name) — used as a form of polite address to a man who is clearly older and/or more senior than oneself;

Madam (without a name) — used to politely speak to a woman who you do not know.

How would you address the following people?

your classmate (Philip/Phil/Philip Clark);

a married woman (Maria Brown);

an older man (Ernest Hardy);

a girl/unmarried woman you don't know well (Jane White);

a woman when it is not known whether she is married or not (Elisa Black);

a stranger (Peter Bradford and Katherine Jones);

a man, whose name you do not know;

a woman, whose name you do not know;

a teacher (Jane Smith, unmarried);

a friend of your age (Nicholas/Nick/Nicholas James).

Learn some expressions to introduce yourself and others.

1) Introducing yourself :

I don't think we've met before. I'm .

Let me introduce myself. My name is.

I'd like to introduce myself. I'm.

Introducing others:

Let me introduce you. John, this is Martin Watson.

I'd like to introduce you to.

There's someone I'd like you to meet. This is.

I think you two have already met: John Crags — Eve Smith. Jerald, please meet Patrick.

Peter, have you met Thomas?

I'd like you to meet Anne.

Barbara, this is Christine. Christine, this is Barbara.

Expressing pleasure to have met someone:

Nice to meet you.

Pleased to meet you.

Happy to meet you.

How do you do? (It is not a question, it means здравствуйте.) It's a pleasure to meet you.

Practise the following illustrative dialogues.

At work (formal).

: Good afternoon, Mr Gray. How are you?

: Fine, thank you. How are you?

: Very well, thank you. I don't think you've met our new manager. (To the manager) This is Mr Gray. This is Mrs Riddell.

: How do you do?

: How do you do?

At a conference (semi-formal).

: Good morning, David.

: Morning, Jenny. How are you?

: Fine, thanks, and you?

: Fine. Is that Mrs Leyden over there?

: Yes, it is. Let me introduce you ... Excuse me, Mrs Leyden. May I introduce you to David Sands?

: How do you do?

: How do you do? Pleased to meet you, Mrs Leyden.

: Please call me Alice.

: And please call me David. Are you finding the conference interesting?

: Yes, there have been some very good papers. I also find the discussions very useful.

At a party (informal).

: Good evening, Nick.

: Good evening, Kate. Do you know Mike? Mike, this is Kate, a friend of mine from college.

: Hello.

: Hello, pleased to meet you.

С.: So are you a college student too, Kate?

A.: That's right. What about you?

С.: I'm in the third year at the college of the Humanities.

A.: Oh, yes?

: Some Pepsi, Kate?

: Yes, please, Nick.

Work with your classmate. Introduce yourself to each other.

Hello / Hi, nice to meet you. / I'd like to introduce myself. I'm. / My name is .

I'm from. I am a second-year student of .

Make up dialogues of your own, using the above expressions and illustrative dialogues as models.

Situations:

in an office (formal);

at a meeting (formal);

in a library (semi-formal);

at an exhibition (semi-formal);

at your college (informal).

at your place (informal).

Practise Dialogue 1.

Dialogue 1

Meeting a Friend

Peter: Hello, Nick.

Nick: Hello, Peter. Haven't seen you for ages.

Peter: What are you doing here? Are you a student of this college?

Nick: Oh, yes. I've completed my basic general education this year and decided to go to college.

Peter: Glad to hear that. I'm a third-year student of this college. Nick: What course are you doing?

Peter: I'm doing a course in economics. In a year, I'm going to become an econoimist. I like my future profession very much.

Nick: But I chose a course in management. I hope I'll graduate from college in four years and become a highly-qualified manager.

Peter: Do you live in a hall of residence? I haven't seen you there.

Nick: No, I live with my parents. Come to see me at my place some time.

Peter: Thank you. I'll come. Good-bye.

Nick: Good-bye.

Make up dialogues of your own using dialogue 1 as a model. Situations.

You meet your friend and talk about:

his/her first year of study at college;

his/her qualification (s)he will obtain after graduating.

Practise dialogue 2.

Dialogue 2 Talking of Studying at College

Ivan: Pete, I'd like to ask you about your college.

Pete: What are you interested in, Ivan? I am ready to answer all your questions. Do you want to go to the college I attend?

Ivan: Yes, I do. I want to know more about your college and then I will choose which course to take. How long does an academic course last?

Pete: It lasts for four years.

Ivan: What academic courses does the college offer?

Pete: You may choose any of the following courses: primary school teachers' training, accounting, management and others.

Ivan: What subjects are the most important ones for a future accountant?

Pete: First of all you must be good at mathematics and computer science as you'll have to prepare financial reports, compute taxes for companies and individuals and know information technology.

Ivan: Oh, it is really interesting. Have you studied them yet?

Pete: No, I haven't, but I'm going to do it next term.

Ivan: OK, Pete, thank you very much.

Pete: Not at all. I'll be very glad to see you among the students of this college.

Using dialogue 2 as a model, fill in the missing remarks of the dialogue given below and practise it.

Victor: What are you doing at the college?

Igor: .

Victor: What academic course do you want to take?

Igor: .

Victor: You should be very good at mathematics.

Igor: .

Victor: The course lasts for four years.

Igor: .

Victor: Why did you decide to become an economist?

Igor: .

Victor: Did your father take you to any plants?

Igor: .

Victor: I see. That's very nice.

Igor: .

Victor: I hope to see you among the students of this college.

SECTION 5 ► LISTENING

Listen to the text “Colleges”. Answer the questions that follow.

What education can you receive at college?

What learning programmes do colleges offer?

What are these programmes like?

What qualifications/professions can college students get?

Where do college students have their practical training?

Check your answers with your classmates and Tapescript 1A of the text. Look up the words you don't know in the dictionary.

Retell the text about colleges.

54. Listen to the Text “College Classrooms”. As you listen, fill in the chart according to the following headings.

Check your answers with your classmates and Tapescript 1B of the text. Look up the words you don't know in the dictionary.

Retell the text about the college classrooms.

SECTION 6 ► WRITING

Text messaging and emailing are common ways of communication these days, but writing a letter still remains a traditional way to communicate effectively. An informal letter is usually between people who know each other fairly well. In addition to giving news, they are often used to request information, congratulate people, give advice and ask questions.

57. Study some useful words and phrases for informal letters. Using them will help you organise your letter into clear paragraphs.

58. Read and translate this letter.

Pushkin Street, 15 308000 Belgorod Russia

20th December, 2015 Dear Jane,

I'm very glad that we're going to be penfriends. I'll tell you a little about myself, and you can do the same when you write to me.

I live in the city centre. There is a big park nearby where I take my dog for a walk. I live with my parents and my younger sister, Diana. My father works as a technician for the cement plant and my mother works as a teacher at a secondary school.

I go to college, where I have a lot of friends. I like most subjects, but not all of them. In the evenings I sometimes visit my friends or stay at home and listen to music, and at the weekends I like going to the country.

At the moment I'm working very hard because I have exams soon, so I'm spending a lot of time in the library.

I'm looking forward to hearing from you!

Write soon!

Best wishes,

Natasha

59. Write a similar letter to a penfriend in England. Write information about you, your family, where you live, what you do, etc.

UNIT 2

STUDENT LIFE

Section 1. Grammar Practice:

To have (got) in the Present, Past and Future Simple. Indefinite and Negative Pronouns, Their Derivatives. Construction there + to be. Imperative Sentences. Prepositions of Place, Direction and Time.

Section 2. Vocabulary and Word Study: Suffixes: -ance/-ence; -ure; -ly.

Section 3. Reading for Detail and Main Ideas: Text 2A. My Studies. Text 2B. A Day in the Life of a College Student.

Section 4. Speaking:

My Family. Studying at College.

Section 5. Listening:

Student Life.

The Student Rob Fellows.

Section 6. Writing:

Informal Letters (2).

SECTION 1 ► GRAMMAR PRACTICE

Read the following sentences which are a) present, b) past and c) future. Put them into the negative and the question. Translate these sentences.

Example:

I have three classes today. (What? When?) —

I don't have here classes today.

Do you have three classes today?

What do you have today?

When do you have three classes?

He's got an exam today. (What? When?) -

He hasn't got an exam today.

Has he got an exam today?

What has he got today?

When has he got an exam?

1. We have a new English teacher this year. (Who? When)

I've got good marks in English this term. (What? What subject? When?) 3. My friend has an interesting course programme. (What?)

He's got a vacation in February. (What? When?) 5. This word has several meanings. (What?) 6. We have lunch in the college canteen. (What? Where?)

1. I had a break at 10 o'clock. (What? What time?) 2. Ann had her entrance examinations in July. (What? What examinations? When?) 3. My classmate had three drawings. (What? How many?)

Last Sunday they had a good party. (What? When?) 5. I had a good time at his place. (Where? Whose place?)

1. The college will have a computer centre next year. (What? When?) 2. We will have a new gym in two months. (What? When?)

My brother will have an exam in physics next term. (What? What subject? When?) 4. I will have two English classes tomorrow. (What? What classes? How many classes? When?) 5. You will have a lot of fun at his birthday party on Saturday. (Where? When? Whose party?)

Write positive and negative short answers.

Example:

Does Pete have a pen? — Yes, he does. / No, he doesn't.

Has Mary got a car? — Yes, she has. / No, she hasn't.

Do you have a two-month vacation in summer?

Have you got classes on Sunday?

Did you have practical training yesterday?

Has your father got a car?

Will you have exams in July?

Does your friend have a computer?

Did you have breakfast at the college canteen?

Have you got friends at college?

Does your college have a language laboratory?

Will you have a rest tonight?

3. Complete these sentences. Use have (got)/has (got), had or will have.

My sister ___ a friend. Her name is Jane. 2. Their house is big. They ___ two bedrooms, a sitting-room, a dining room, a kitchen and a bathroom. 3. This nice house ___ a garden. 4. Mary ___ two children: a boy and a girl. The girl's name is Ann, the boy's name is John. 5. I think she ___ her exams next year. 6. My brother's children ___ a lot of toys. But their favourite one is a brown teddy bear. 7. I think his father ___ a car very soon. 8. Jane's elder brother William is married. He ___ three children. 9. Last Sunday we ___ a very good party. 10. We usually ___ dinner at 7 o'clock in the evening.

Make questions with these words in the correct order, using have... got/has...got/do...have/does...have, did.have, will...have, and give short positive/negative answers to them.

Example: (John/a passport?) — Has John got a passport? — Yes, he has / No, he hasn't.

or: Does John have a passport? — Yes, he does / No, he doesn't.

(your father/a laptop computer?) 2. (you/good marks?)

(Charles/many problems?) 4. (he/a letter from home?) 5. (they/ any children?) 6. (this house/central heating?) 7. (you /any brothers?) 8. (the college/well-equipped laboratories?) 9. (she/ black hair?) 10. (they/much time?)

Make questions with how much / how many / where / why / when, using have.got/has.got, do.have, does.have, did. have, will. have.

___ you ___ a computer? — Next year. 2. ___ he ___ many friends last summer? — In England. 3. ___ she ___ a holiday next time? — In summer. 4. ___ brothers and sisters ___ she ___ ? — Just one brother. 5. ___ money ___ you ___ now? — $ 100. 6. ___ she last . her exam? — Yesterday. 7. ___ they usually ___ many flowers in the garden? — In summer. 8. ___ you ___ dark glasses on yesterday? — Because there was something wrong with my eyes.

Read and translate the following sentences paying attention to the pronouns some, any, no and their compounds.

1. Emma has got some old pictures of the house to show us.

Jane has got some beautiful jewellery, but she never wears it.

Somebody is waiting for us at the reception. 4. I want something to read. I am going to buy a magazine. 5. Someone had a good idea. 6. They will have some new lecture courses. 7. I have these lecture notes somewhere at home. 8. Any section of this unit is very important. 9. She said something to me but I didn't understand it. 10. Shall I bring you something to read while you wait?

1. Have you got any free time on Wednesday afternoon?

Has Eve got any brothers or sisters, do you know? 3. Will you have any lectures tomorrow? 4. Did anybody see that film? 5. Is anyone familiar with this system? 6. Do you know anything about economics? 7. Were you anywhere yesterday? 8. Did you have any difficulty in doing that exercise? 9. Should we bring anything to the meeting? 10. Does this classroom have any computers?

1. He is married but he hasn't got any children. 2. It's dark. I can't see anything. 3. Sue doesn't speak any foreign languages. 4. No newspaper tells the whole truth. 5. “My students expect me to know everything.” — “Nobody knows everything.” 6. “What did you say?” — “Nothing”. 7. His report wasn't printed anywhere.

Did you meet anybody interesting at the party? 9. “Where are you going?” — “Nowhere”. 10. No one was absent from the lecture.

Translate the Russian indefinite and negative pronouns in brackets into English.

(Кто-то) is knocking at the door. Can you go and see who it is?

Have you got (что-нибудь) important to say? 3. When we were on holiday, we visited (несколько) very interesting places. 4. Do you know (какие-нибудь) good hotels in London? 5. (Любой) student in my group knows this grammar rule. 6. (Никто) can help you. You must do it yourself. 7. (Никакой) translation is correct.

Is (кто-нибудь) ready to do this job? 9. There was a thunderstorm during the night but I heard (ничего). 10. She was (нигде) during her holidays.

Read and translate the following sentences into Russian paying attention to the construction there + to be. Use them in the negative and interrogative forms.

There are many classrooms in our college. 2. Are there any computers in this classroom? 3. There is a computer classroom at the department of building construction. 4. I'm afraid I can't help you. There is nothing I can do. 5. Will there be any classes at the workshop tomorrow? 6. There are twenty units in this course book. 7. There will be many students at the conference tomorrow. 8. All the hotels were full. There was nowhere to stay. 9. There were some books on welding in the college library. 10. There is something strange about the way Pete is acting today. 11. There was a bus stop not far from the college.

There are a few desks for students in the middle of the room. 13. Is there anybody in the lecture room? 14. There will be thirty students in our group next year. 15. There were some mistakes in his test paper.

Make up sentences with the construction there + to be.

in the Present Simple (There is/are... .):

a management department, a student, some clubs, two canteens, many computers, a drawing, three entrance examinations, a distance course, end-of-term tests and examinations, two vacations;

in the Past Simple (There was/were... .):

a lecture and two seminars, a discussion, an English course book, some new lecturers, different subjects of general nature, first- year students, a forty-five minute break, a university library, two halls of residence;

in the Future Simple (There will be. .):

some computers, a lecture on mathematics, a laser printer, parties and dances, government support, social activities, two vacant rooms in the hall of residence, a conference, some laboratory experiments, many degree courses.

Read and translate the following sentences.

Hurry up or we will be late. 2. Don't be late for your classes.

Let's begin our lesson. 4. Let him do a drawing of this classroom.

Let them not speak Russian at their English classes. 6. Let my classmates take a break. 7. Let her not come late. 8. Let them phone Mr Smith and settle the problem. 9. Let her tell Granny what happened. 10. Let me give you a few details.

CONTENTS

ПРЕДИСЛОВИЕ 3

Unit 1. GOING TO COLLEGE 7

Unit 2. STUDENT LIFE 32

Unit 3. MY FUTURE PROFESSION 53

Unit 4. EDUCATION 73

Unit 5. LANGUAGE 91

Unit 6. THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION 110

Unit 7. GREAT BRITAIN 130

Unit 8. THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 151

Unit 9. CUSTOMS AND TRADITIONS 168

Unit 10. ART AND ARTISTS 188

Unit 11. LITERATURE 209

Unit 12. THEATRE AND FILMS 229

Unit 13. MUSIC 249

Unit 14. SPORTS 270

Unit 15. TRAVELLING 290

Unit 16. ECONOMY 309

Unit 17. MONEY 330

Unit 18. MANAGEMENT 348

Unit 19. COMPUTERS IN STUDENT LIFE 369

Unit 20. ENVIRONMENT 387

Appendix 1. TAPESCRIPTS 403

BIBLIOGRAPHY 426

ЭЛЕКТРОННОЕ ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ

Appendix 1. SUPPLEMENTARY READING

Appendix 2. ГРАММАТИЧЕСКИЙ СПРАВОЧНИК